I researched how to ensure a healthy peony season, and there was very little for me to do. I deadheaded spent blooms, encouraging the flowers to send the rest of the season’s energy to the tubers—saving that energy for the next year’s blooms. I cut down the dead stalks in the fall and added compost. I went so far as to buy specialty fertilizer, but I never added it. I had no good reason to mess with a sure thing.